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Actively exploited vulnerability

NextGen Healthcare Mirth Connect: code execution flaw under attack

CVE-2023-43208 · NextGen Healthcare Mirth Connect Deserialization of Untrusted Data Vulnerability

Business software9.8 criticalUsed in ransomware attacks

What is affected

NextGen Healthcare Mirth Connect is mostly run by companies, schools and public bodies, not on home computers. You are unlikely to have it yourself, but organisations that hold your data may. Breaches that start with flaws like this one are how personal data ends up leaked.

NextGen Healthcare Mirth Connect contains a deserialization of untrusted data vulnerability that allows for unauthenticated remote code execution via a specially crafted request.

CISA's description

What an attacker can do

This is a code execution flaw. It lets an attacker run their own commands or programs on the affected system. In practice that usually means taking it over: installing malware, stealing data or using it to reach other devices on the same network.

How it is reached
Over the internet or network
Access the attacker needs
No account needed
Does the victim have to do something?
No, works without the victim doing anything

CISA records this vulnerability as known to be used in ransomware campaigns: attackers use it to get in, then encrypt files and demand payment.

What to do

  1. At home: nothing to install. Keep your own devices updated and use a different password for every service, so that a breach at one organisation does not open your other accounts.
  2. If you administer NextGen Healthcare Mirth Connect at work: apply the vendor's fix or mitigation now and review logs for signs of compromise, because the flaw was being exploited before it was listed.
  3. If the product is past its support date and no fix exists, take it off the internet or retire it.

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Action required by CISA for US federal agencies

Vendor advisories and fixes

  • github.comgithub.com/nextgenhealthcare/connect/wiki/4.4.1---What%27s-New

How urgent is it

CISA added this vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on May 20, 2024, which means there is reliable evidence of attacks in the wild. US federal agencies must fix it by June 10, 2024, a deadline that has already passed. That deadline does not bind anyone else, but it shows how seriously the agency rates it.

The EPSS model estimates a 83% probability that this flaw will be exploited somewhere in the next 30 days. That is higher than 99.7% of all scored vulnerabilities.

Its CVSS severity score is 9.8 out of 10 (critical), as recorded in the US National Vulnerability Database.

Technical description

NextGen Healthcare Mirth Connect before version 4.4.1 is vulnerable to unauthenticated remote code execution. Note that this vulnerability is caused by the incomplete patch of CVE-2023-37679.

NIST National Vulnerability Database
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