PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI Cameras: authentication bypass flaw under attack

What is affected

PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI Cameras are the kind of equipment many homes and small offices run for years without touching: a router, camera or storage box. Attackers scan the internet for exposed units, and a hijacked one can spy on traffic or be enrolled in a botnet without any visible sign.

PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI cameras contain an insecure direct object reference (IDOR) vulnerability that allows a remote, attacker to bypass authentication for the /cgi-bin/param.cgi CGI script. If combined with CVE-2024-8957, this can lead to remote code execution as root.

What an attacker can do

This is a authentication bypass flaw. It lets an attacker get in without a valid username and password and act as a legitimate user, often as an administrator.

How it is reached

Over the internet or network

Access the attacker needs

No account needed

Does the victim have to do something?

No, works without the victim doing anything

What to do

1. Check whether you own this device: look at the label on your router, camera or NAS, or open its admin page and note the model and firmware version.
2. Install the latest firmware from the manufacturer's support page or the device's own update menu.
3. If the manufacturer no longer releases updates for the model, replace it. An end-of-life device with an exploited flaw cannot be made safe.
4. Turn off remote administration from the internet unless you truly need it, and change the default admin password.

Apply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Vendor advisories and fixes

• ptzoptics.comptzoptics.com/firmware-changelog/

How urgent is it

CISA added this vulnerability to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on November 4, 2024, which means there is reliable evidence of attacks in the wild. US federal agencies must fix it by November 25, 2024, a deadline that has already passed. That deadline does not bind anyone else, but it shows how seriously the agency rates it.

The EPSS model estimates a 59% probability that this flaw will be exploited somewhere in the next 30 days. That is higher than 99.1% of all scored vulnerabilities.

Its CVSS severity score is 9.1 out of 10 (critical), as recorded in the US National Vulnerability Database.

Technical description

PTZOptics PT30X-SDI/NDI-xx before firmware 6.3.40 is vulnerable to an insufficient authentication issue. The camera does not properly enforce authentication to /cgi-bin/param.cgi when requests are sent without an HTTP Authorization header. The result is a remote and unauthenticated attacker can leak sensitive data such as usernames, password hashes, and configurations details. Additionally, the attacker can update individual configuration values or overwrite the whole file.