Cerber Decryptor ransomware: what it is and how to remove it

Cerber Decryptor is a malicious program that belongs to authors of the Cerber virus. This tool is expected to help the victims of this ransomware decrypt their corrupted files.

Facts checked October 6, 2026. Removal steps tested on Windows 11 (26H2) and checked against Microsoft's and the browser makers' current documentation. Sections marked as our earlier report are the original text: they describe the threat as it was then and have not been reviewed since. The 2026 status, the removal steps and the questions are current.

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Screenshot of Cerber Decryptor: virus
Cerber Decryptor as our 2017 report showed it.

Cerber Decryptor ransomware: summary

Detection namesNo Microsoft detection name is known
Ransom noteNot recorded in our earlier report
ContactNot recorded in our earlier report
Encrypted file extension.secret
DecryptorNo free decryptor is known for this variant; check No More Ransom (nomoreransom.org) for updates
DistributionNot recorded in the old report
Removal

Scan the PC with security software to find and remove the malware and anything installed with it. Fortect scans Windows for malware and repairs the system files and settings it damaged.

Remove it nowTo use the full-featured product, you have to purchase a license for Fortect. The scan is free.
Show 9 more facts
DamageNot recorded in the old report
NameCerber Decryptor
TypeFile-encrypting ransomware
SymptomsFiles renamed with a new extension
Evidence7 write-ups by security sites; details still limited
Encrypted files.secret
Free decryptorNo free decryptor is known (checked 6 October 2026)
First seen26 April 2017
Facts checked6 October 2026

What to search your PC and browser for

  • File extension: .secret

How to remove Cerber Decryptor ransomware

Tools you'll need

All of these are free except where noted. Download them on a clean device if the infected PC is offline.

  • A USB stick: to keep the ransom note, two or three encrypted files and screenshots off the infected PC.
  • Microsoft Defender Offline: built into Windows 11 and Windows 10; scans before Windows starts, so running malware cannot hide.
  • Microsoft Safety Scanner: a second, portable scanner with current signatures; each download works for 10 days.
  • ID Ransomware: identifies the family from the note and one encrypted file and says whether a decryptor exists.
  • No More Ransom: the free decryptors from police and security companies; check it again every few months.
  • Fortect (optional): scans Windows for malware and repairs the system files and settings it damaged. The free scan is in the box above.

How to remove Cerber Decryptor and get your files back

Work in this order.

Disconnecting comes first, removal comes before any restore, and nothing here asks you to contact the attackers.

  1. Step 1: Disconnect the PC and unplug backup drives

    Unplug the network cable or turn off Wi-Fi, and disconnect USB drives, external disks and network shares, so Cerber Decryptor cannot reach more files. Pause OneDrive, Google Drive or Dropbox sync, because synced folders upload the encrypted copies over the good ones.

    Leave the PC on but offline while you read the next steps, since a restart can let the ransomware run again. This applies to Windows 11 and Windows 10 alike.

    Windows 11 quick settings with Wi-Fi turned off
    Windows 11: turn off Wi-Fi to take the PC offline.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  2. Step 2: Save the ransom note and identify the family

    The name of the family decides whether a free decryptor can help. Copy the ransom note and two small encrypted files to a USB stick, and check them on another device with ID Ransomware or Crypto Sheriff.

    Note the extension added to the files, the contact address and the victim ID shown in the note. Keep the originals on the Windows 11 or Windows 10 PC untouched.

    A ransom note text file next to encrypted files in File Explorer
    Windows 11: the ransom note and encrypted files to copy for identification.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  3. Step 3: Check for a free decryptor

    Our last check found that for Cerber Decryptor, no free decryptor is known (checked 6 October 2026). Look again yourself in the No More Ransom list and the free decryptor pages of Emsisoft, Avast and Kaspersky, which add new families every year.

    A decryptor needs the ransomware gone first, or it encrypts the files again. Keep at least one copy of the encrypted files on an external drive, even if no tool works yet.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  4. Step 4: Remove the ransomware before you restore or decrypt

    Removing Cerber Decryptor does not bring the files back, but it has to come first. Start with Defender's Full scan, then the offline scan from the same Scan options page, which checks the disk before Windows loads.

    If the scan cannot start, use Safe Mode with Networking. Delete the ransom notes only after you have saved a copy, because removal tools sometimes leave them behind on Windows 11 and Windows 10.

    Windows Security Scan options with Microsoft Defender Antivirus offline scan selected
    Windows 11: Windows Security > Virus & threat protection > Scan options.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Run a Microsoft Defender Offline scan

  5. Step 5: Look for shadow copies of the files

    Windows keeps shadow copies for restore points and backups, and some ransomware fails to delete them. vssadmin list shadows in an administrator Command Prompt tells you at once whether any exist.

    If they do, right-click the folder that held your files, open Properties > Previous Versions, select a version from before the attack, and click Open to check it before you Restore or copy the files out. Windows 11 and Windows 10 both have the tab.

    Command Prompt running vssadmin list shadows
    Windows 11: vssadmin list shadows shows whether shadow copies exist.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  6. Step 6: Restore the files from a backup or recover deleted originals

    A backup made before the attack is the surest way back. Connect it only once the PC is clean, then restore from File History, Windows Backup, OneDrive's Restore your OneDrive or your own external copies.

    Without a backup, try file recovery: the originals that Cerber Decryptor deleted may still be on the disk until something overwrites them. Install nothing new on the drive you want to recover from on the Windows 11 or Windows 10 PC.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Recover deleted files (Recycle Bin, backups, OneDrive) On uGetFix

Instructions for each browser and system

The detailed steps for every browser and system this guide covers. Open the one you use.

Manual removal using Safe Mode

Important! →
Manual removal guide might be too complicated for regular computer users. It requires advanced IT knowledge to be performed correctly (if vital system files are removed or damaged, it might result in full Windows compromise), and it also might take hours to complete. Therefore, we highly advise using the automatic method provided above instead.

Step 1. Access Safe Mode with Networking

Manual malware removal should be best performed in the Safe Mode environment.

Windows 7 / Vista / XP

  1. Click Start > Shutdown > Restart > OK.
  2. When your computer becomes active, start pressing F8 button (if that does not work, try F2, F12, Del, etc. - it all depends on your motherboard model) multiple times until you see the Advanced Boot Options window.
  3. Select Safe Mode with Networking from the list.Windows 7/XP

Windows 10 / Windows 8

  1. Right-click on Start button and select Settings.
    Settings
  2. Scroll down to pick Update & Security.
    Update and security
  3. On the left side of the window, pick Recovery.
  4. Now scroll down to find Advanced Startup section.
  5. Click Restart now.
    Reboot
  6. Select Troubleshoot.Choose an option
  7. Go to Advanced options.Advanced options
  8. Select Startup Settings.Startup settings
  9. Press Restart.
  10. Now press 5 or click 5) Enable Safe Mode with Networking.Enable safe mode

Step 2. Shut down suspicious processes

Windows Task Manager is a useful tool that shows all the processes running in the background. If malware is running a process, you need to shut it down:

  1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc on your keyboard to open Windows Task Manager.
  2. Click on More details.
    Open task manager
  3. Scroll down to Background processes section, and look for anything suspicious.
  4. Right-click and select Open file location.
    Open file location
  5. Go back to the process, right-click and pick End Task.
    End task
  6. Delete the contents of the malicious folder.

Step 3. Check program Startup

  1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc on your keyboard to open Windows Task Manager.
  2. Go to Startup tab.
  3. Right-click on the suspicious program and pick Disable.
    Startup

Step 4. Delete virus files

Malware-related files can be found in various places within your computer. Here are instructions that could help you find them:

  1. Type in Disk Cleanup in Windows search and press Enter.
    Disk cleanup
  2. Select the drive you want to clean (C: is your main drive by default and is likely to be the one that has malicious files in).
  3. Scroll through the Files to delete list and select the following: Temporary Internet Files
    Downloads
    Recycle Bin
    Temporary files
  4. Pick Clean up system files.
    Delete temp files
  5. You can also look for other malicious files hidden in the following folders (type these entries in Windows Search and press Enter): %AppData%
    %LocalAppData%
    %ProgramData%
    %WinDir%

After you are finished, reboot the PC in normal mode.

From our report of Apr 2017 · not reviewed since

Cerber Decryptor - a suspicious tool that is supposed to restore files encrypted by Cerber

Cerber Decryptor is a malicious program that belongs to authors of the Cerber virus.

This tool is expected to help the victims of this ransomware decrypt their corrupted files. However, security experts warn that purchasing it from cyber criminals may lead to money loss.

This malicious program was discovered in the beginning of 2016 and has been updated several times since then. However, its functionality is highly questionable, and you should not even think about buying Cerber Decryptor for $500 or more to recover your encrypted files. Instead of that, you should opt for legitimate decryption software.

In the middle of August, Check Point Software Technologies experts managed to find flaws in Cerber's code and created a free decoding tool for this nasty parasite. However, it was not available for too long. Cyber criminals immediately updated the virus, and decryptor became obsolete.

Today, several virus versions are lurking on the Internet, and the crooks claim that the only way to decrypt corrupted files is by purchasing the decryption key directly from them. Many victims ask the same question – should they pay for the possibility to restore lost data? The quick and simple answer is no.

There's a huge possibility that researchers will come up with a new file decryptor anytime soon, just like they did crack Cerber's code a few months ago. Meanwhile, you can try retrieving at least some of your files from backups or use additional methods that you can find at the end of the article.

Remember that the primary aim of cyber criminals is to collect as many ransoms as possible. The technique they use is really advanced and unfortunately, efficient. The thing is, many computer users store valuable or private information on their computers, no matter if it is a home computer or a work computer.

Losing all files can be a disaster not only because the virus can steal your memories (family photos, videos, music) but also because it can take documents, archives, presentations, and other important files that the computer user needs for work or studies.

An unexpected loss of such data can make the computer users panic, and that is exactly what cyber criminals aim for. They want to frighten computer users and make him/her believe that there is NO way to recover files and that he/she must pay the ransom in order to retrieve the data.

Sadly, we have to warn you that this might not be the right solution for this problem. However, do you really think that cyber criminals are ACTUALLY going to decrypt your files for you? If you think so, we are afraid that you are wrong. There is NO guarantee that cyber criminals will give you the decryption software just like that.

They are busy developing the virus and spreading it, so we believe that they are just waiting for victims to transfer money to them so they would be able to continue their malicious activities.

We doubt that cyber criminals actually provide the decryption software after the victims pay the ransom, so if you do not want to lose your money just like you have lost your files, do not take the risk of transferring your money to the Bitcoin address provided by cyber criminals.

Besides, consider if you want to support cyber frauds - you really should NOT do that. The automatic Cerber removal can be done with the help of an anti-malware application like . It can detect and remove all files that belong to this virus.

Screenshot of Cerber Decryptor: virus
Cerber Decryptor in our 2017 report.
Cerber Decryptor: image of virus
Cerber Decryptor in our 2017 report.

From our report of Apr 2017 · not reviewed since

Current variants of Cerber Decryptor

Cerber 5 ransomware.

The fifth installment of ransomware has updated distribution method and disperses with the assistance of RIG-V exploit kit. It does not encrypt files that are smaller than 2,560 bytes. Other files are secured with .secret file extension. For file recovery, racketeers offer to obtain the latest version of Cerber Decryptor for more than 600 USD might be just a waste of time.

Cerber 5.0.1 ransomware virus. As Cerber 5 was introduced, its updated variant got immediately released. Some speculate that such habit of launching viruses is aimed at IT experts to prevent them from creating a free decryption tool.

While Cerber 5 differed from the previous versions, 5.1.0 contains several small improvements in its source code. Like its predecessor, it might disguise in Rig-V malware, and append the same file extension.

Cerber 6 ransomware virus. The 6th variant of ransomware launched RaaS (Ransomware as a Service) business that helps to generate more incomes. Talking about malware itself, it mostly attacks computers located in Netherlands, Italy and Taiwan. However, with the help of an updated distribution method called Blank Slate, malware might hijack devices all other the world and encrypt data with a strong cipher.

From our report of Apr 2017 · not reviewed since

Obtaining decryption software from cyber criminals is not recommended

When cybercriminals inject the virus into victim's computer, they drop ransom notes on the system, usually in noticeable locations like a desktop.

These ransom notes say that victim needs to download a Tor browser to access a website where he or she can buy Cerber Decryptor.

We want to stress out that you should NOT do what cyber criminals command you to do. Do not waste your money on this shady decryption software. Remember that the payment site might be filled with malicious links, which can lead you to suspicious Internet sites filled with malware.

Therefore, instead of trying to buy out your files from such untrustworthy web source, you should rather consider removing malware from your computer.

From our report of Apr 2017 · not reviewed since

Terminate Cerber Decryptor from the computer

To remove Cerber virus, you need to delete the threat using an anti-malware software.

We highly recommend trying or to eliminate all malicious components of this ransomware.

The only 100% safe way to recover encrypted files is to import them from a backup. Make sure you avoid Cerber Decryptor because it is another virus which can infect your computer. If you decided to buy this tool because you do not have backups saved in some safe place, you should not keep it on your computer.

Cerber decryptor can be infected with Trojans, which can download more malware on your computer. If you care about your PC security, install a reliable anti-malware software and remove Cerber decryptor from it automatically. The anti-malware software will also check if the decryptor was virus-free.

The creators of Cerber virus want to threaten users and encourage them to purchase Cerber Decryptor. However, we strongly recommend do not consider making the payment. First of all, hackers might disappear after receiving a payment and your loss might become even bigger. Secondly, the decryption software might come bundled with other malicious files.

Thirdly, this tool might not be able to decrypt corrupted files. Finally, this payment is a motivation and support for the criminals to continue their crimes. As you already know, the creators of the Cerber are capable for updating virus and coming back with even more powerful versions of the ransomware.

Bear in mind that you can retrieve lost data from backups. If you have never made it, you can try additional methods to restore at least some of the important files. However, we cannot assure that these methods will work for you, but we still believe you should try them.

It is not created for decrypting files locked by Cerber, but it might restore some files as well.

Using Windows Previous Versions function

Unfortunately, you can use this method only if you have enabled System Recovery function before the ransomware attack. If you did it, follow these steps to recover corrupted files.

Explore Volume Shadow Copies with ShadowExplorer

Ransomware usually deletes Volume Shadow Copies, but sometimes even the evilest hackers fail. So, in this case, you can retrieve some of the individual files by following these steps.

Report it and recover your files

Report it

Report the attack even if you do not expect the files back: insurers and banks ask for the report number, and police use the contacts in the note to link cases.

United States
FBI IC3 · FTC ReportFraud

Give the victim ID, the note and the date the files were encrypted. A business that holds personal data may also have to notify its data protection authority, in the EU within 72 hours.

Backups: the 3-2-1 rule

Keep three copies of files that matter, on two kinds of storage, with one copy offline or off-site.

A disk that stays plugged in is reached by malware like Cerber Decryptor together with the PC; one you connect only for the backup is not.

On Windows 11, File History keeps versions on an external drive, and OneDrive keeps earlier versions of synced files. Before restoring anything, make sure the PC no longer shows files that end in .secret and no longer open.

Setting it up step by step: 3-2-1 backups on Windows 11 and 10.

Do not let government spy on you

The government has many issues in regards to tracking users' data and spying on citizens, so you should take this into consideration and learn more about shady information gathering practices.

Avoid any unwanted government tracking or spying by going totally anonymous on the internet.

You can choose a different location when you go online and access any material you want without particular content restrictions. You can easily enjoy internet connection without any risks of being hacked by using VPN.

Control the information that can be accessed by government any other unwanted party and surf online without being spied on. Even if you are not involved in illegal activities or trust your selection of services, platforms, be suspicious for your own security and take precautionary measures by using the VPN service.

Backup files for the later use, in case of the malware attack

Computer users can suffer from data losses due to cyber infections or their own faulty doings.

Ransomware can encrypt and hold files hostage, while unforeseen power cuts might cause a loss of important documents. If you have proper up-to-date backups, you can easily recover after such an incident and get back to work. It is also equally important to update backups on a regular basis so that the newest information remains intact - you can set this process to be performed automatically.

When you have the previous version of every important document or project you can avoid frustration and breakdowns. It comes in handy when malware strikes out of nowhere. Use for the data restoration process.

Questions about Cerber Decryptor ransomware

Is there a decryptor for .secret files?

That depends on the family behind the .secret extension, which this guide cannot confirm yet from the reports alone. Check No More Ransom and ID Ransomware with your ransom note and one encrypted file; they list families with free tools.

If none exists today, keep the encrypted files and a copy of the note on a separate drive, because decryptors are sometimes published months later after flaws are found or servers are seized. Never buy a decryptor from a website that is not the security company that made it.

How do I open .secret files?

You cannot open them by renaming or by choosing another program. The .secret ending shows that Cerber Decryptor encrypted the content, and only the matching key can reverse it. Renaming a file back to .docx or .jpg changes nothing except the icon, and it can confuse a future decryptor, so leave the names as they are.

To get the content back, use a backup, an unencrypted copy elsewhere, or a decryptor listed on No More Ransom if one exists for Cerber Decryptor. Store the encrypted files on an external disk until then.

Are ransomware recovery services legitimate?

Some are, but read the offer carefully. Genuine data-recovery firms recover deleted originals from disks or rebuild damaged files, and they say so. Others promise to "decrypt any ransomware" for a fixed price, which is impossible without the key; they quietly pay the attackers and keep a margin, sometimes without telling the victim.

Be especially careful with services that contact you after you post about the attack online. Ask for references, a written method and a no-result-no-fee clause, and check the free tools on No More Ransom first.

Did Cerber Decryptor steal my files or passwords?

We do not know yet. Nothing published so far shows data theft by Cerber Decryptor, but the only confirmed sign is files that end in .secret and no longer open, which says nothing about what happened before. Many current ransomware attacks copy files or run a password stealer first, so it is wise to act as if they did.

From a clean device, change the passwords that were saved in the browsers on this PC, starting with e-mail and banking, sign out of all sessions and turn on two-step verification. Watch bank statements and account activity for the next few weeks.

Should I pay the ransom?

We advise against it, and so do the FBI, Europol and national cyber agencies. Payment does not guarantee a working tool: some attackers never reply, some tools damage files, and some variants have no decryptor at all. Paying also funds further attacks and can make you a target again.

Before considering payment, try every recovery option in this guide and report the attack. Companies must involve their legal adviser and insurer, because payments to sanctioned groups can be illegal. If files are truly irreplaceable, store the encrypted copies and wait; decryptors sometimes appear later.

How did Cerber Decryptor get on my computer?

The way Cerber Decryptor spreads has not been documented yet, so look at your own recent activity. On home PCs, ransomware most often comes with cracked programs, game cheats, key generators and fake updates, or with an e-mail attachment that was opened. On business networks, attackers usually log in through Remote Desktop with a stolen or guessed password.

Think back to what was downloaded or installed in the days before files that end in .secret and no longer open, and check the Downloads folder and Installed apps sorted by date. Keep anything suspicious for your report, but do not run it again.

Is Cerber Decryptor the same as other ransomware with a similar name?

Not necessarily. Ransomware names come from the file extension, the note or a word in the code, so unrelated families often end up with similar names, and one family can appear under several names. The difference matters: a decryptor or advice for one family does not fit another and can damage files.

Compare the ending added to your files and the exact name of the note with the summary table at the top of this guide, then upload the note and one encrypted file to ID Ransomware from a clean device. If the result names another family, follow the guide for that family instead.

Should I reinstall Windows after the .secret attack?

Reinstalling removes the ransomware but not the encryption: your files ending in .secret stay encrypted afterwards. So first copy the encrypted files and the ransom note to a separate drive, in case a decryptor appears later. Then decide:

  • a clean-up with an offline scan is often enough for home PCs
  • while a full reset is safer if remote access was involved
  • scans keep finding new items

Restore your backups only after the PC is clean, and change passwords from another device.

Will removing Cerber Decryptor unlock my .secret files?

No. Removing Cerber Decryptor stops it from encrypting more files and from starting again, but it does not decrypt the files that already end in .secret. The scanner does not have the attackers' key.

Files come back only from a backup, from copies the ransomware did not reach, such as OneDrive version history, Previous Versions, e-mail attachments or a phone, or with a working decryptor if one exists.

Remove the ransomware first anyway: if you restore files while it is still active, it can encrypt them again. Keep the encrypted files; a decryptor may be published later.

Will Fortect remove Cerber Decryptor?

Fortect scans Windows for malware and unwanted programs and repairs the system files and settings they change, and its free scan shows what it finds on your PC before you decide anything.

For Cerber Decryptor, follow the plan above as well: the browser steps take back permissions and settings that no scanner treats as a threat, and uninstalling the program that brought it removes the source.

Run Microsoft Defender's full scan and, if anything was found, its offline scan as a second opinion. If the symptoms are gone after the plan and both scans are clean, there is nothing more to do.

Sources

More removal guides

Questions and experiences: Cerber Decryptor ransomware

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