IMI ransomware: what it is and how to remove it

IMI ransomware - the virus that comes from a dangerous strain of crypto-extortion based malware. This Dharma ransomware version gets its name from the file appendix that appears at the end of each encoded file - .id-victims' ID.[imdecrypt@aol.com].IMI.

Facts checked October 6, 2026. Removal steps tested on Windows 11 (26H2) and checked against Microsoft's and the browser makers' current documentation. Sections marked as our earlier report are the original text: they describe the threat as it was then and have not been reviewed since. The 2026 status, the removal steps and the questions are current.

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Screenshot of IMI ransomware: screenshot
IMI ransomware as our 2020 report showed it.

IMI ransomware: summary

DistributionRansomware is mainly delivered via spam emails that contain malicious script-filled files[2] or direct payload droppers as attachments or hyperlinks
NameIMI ransomware
FamilyDharma/CrySis virus
File marker.id.[imdecrypt@aol.com].IMI is the pattern of file appendix that appears at the end of each encrypted file with unique victims' ID. The extension indicates encrypted data from untouched files. However, common files get all encrypted, in most cases. Ransomware is not running the encryption in system folders only
Ransom noteFILES ENCRYPTED.txt – a file that contains contact details. The program window that gets opened is the one that provides the ransom-demanding message and instructions for Bitcoin purchasing. This window appears on the Desktop as Info.hta
Contact emailimdecrypt@aol.com
Removal

Scan the PC with security software to find and remove the malware and anything installed with it. Fortect scans Windows for malware and repairs the system files and settings it damaged.

Remove it nowTo use the full-featured product, you have to purchase a license for Fortect. The scan is free.
Show 12 more facts
Detection namesNo Microsoft detection name is known
Encrypted file extension.imi
DecryptorNo free decryptor is known for this variant; check No More Ransom (nomoreransom.org) for updates
DamageNot recorded in the old report
TypeFile-encrypting ransomware
SymptomsFiles renamed with a new extension and a ransom note left in folders
Evidence5 write-ups by security sites; no sample analysed yet
Encrypted files.imi
Attacker contactsimdecrypt@aol.com
Free decryptorNo free decryptor is known (checked 6 October 2026)
First seen3 January 2020
Facts checked6 October 2026
  • File extension: .imi
  • Note file: Info.hta
  • Contact: imdecrypt@aol.com

From our report of Jan 2020 · not reviewed since

More from our earlier report on IMI ransomware

  • You should remove IMI ransomware as soon as you can and rely on anti-malware tools that can detect malicious-behavior and delete dangerous programs from the machine fully
  • Since files in various places get affected by the threat, you need an additional system scan with or a similar PC tool.
  • Software like this can find and possibly restore damaged data in system folders

How IMI ransomware behaves

From our report of Jan 2020 · not reviewed since

IMI ransomware is the cryptovirus that encrypts data and keeps files inaccessible until the ransom is paid

IMI ransomware - the virus that comes from a dangerous strain of crypto-extortion based malware.

This Dharma ransomware version gets its name from the file appendix that appears at the end of each encoded file - .id-victims' ID.[imdecrypt@aol.com].IMI. Once the system is infiltrated, and photos, documents, other types of data get the marker, the ransom is demanded from victims.

As typical for this ransomware family, the program window appears on the screen that contains a general message about ransomware encryption and further actions. However, cybercriminals responsible for the malware distribution lists, paying the ransom as the only solution for you.

Sending Bitcoins or even contacting IMI ransomware virus developers via the imdecrypt@aol.com email provided on ransom note FILES ENCRYPTED.txt and other files posted on the Desktop is not safe. This is the family of malware that Jakub Kroustek is researching for a while already.

He is the one that reports about new versions, like IMI and Bitx that came out one after the other. The price for your file recovery can go high as a few thousand dollars for the alleged decryption key, so stay away from even thinking about such a solution.

IMI ransomware is the typical version of Dharma/ CrySis virus because particular features like ransom demanding message, program window with general instructions, and the appendix pattern involving ID, contact email are the same. The family is known for changing little things about each version and releasing threats into the wild at least once a month for almost four years now.

The encryption is a process that starts immediately after the initial IMI files virus infiltration and begins with checking the system for particular types of files that can be encoded. Photos, videos, audio files, and documents get changed and locked from the access, so ransomware creators have a reason for blackmail.

Once data gets encrypted, the ransom note appears on the screen. The program window is showing brief payment and cryptocurrency purchasing instructions, but the text file FILES ENCRYPTED.txt displays unique contact. The message from IMI ransomware creators reads the following:

Even though the official decryption tool for the threat is not developed yet, you can store virus-related files and hope that such software is going to be released soon. Paying cannot give you any positive results, so remove IMI ransomware instead and restore encrypted files using other methods.

You should ignore any messages from these criminals and all the claims that paying is the only option to get your files back. IMI ransomware removal is a process that requires attention and professional anti-malware tools because threats like ransomware inject various files in different system places to ensure the persistence and damage the PC permanently.

There is nothing harmless about threats like IMI ransomware that focus on getting peoples' money by damaging their belongings. These malicious people don't care for your files and value of the data, devices, so there is no reason to contact them and hoping for mercy. If you don't want to pay the ransom, you shouldn't write or try to reach malicious actors.

When people write emails to criminals, they can send victims more malicious files and direct malware designed to steal information from the machine or damage the computer once and for all. When you encounter IMI ransomware and receive the ransom note, you should take immediate action and try to eliminate the threat as soon as possible.

Experts always talk about risks and danger behind the content that IMI ransomware can load in system folders and other places like Windows Registry.

The more time you give for these people that managed to infect your machine, the more corrupted your device gets, and the more help it needs. When IMI ransomware is done with encryption, it goes through system functions, disables security features and applications, so you cannot easily remove the threat nor recover affected files.

Since IMI ransomware virus disables security functions, installs other malicious programs and changes system settings behind your back, you should run the machine in Safe Mode with Networking and then employ an anti-malware tool that can detect malicious behavior-based programs and files, clean the machine from malware.

Screenshot of IMI ransomware: screenshot
IMI ransomware in our 2020 report.
Screenshot of IMI ransomware: dharma
IMI ransomware in our 2020 report.

From our report of Jan 2020 · not reviewed since

Cryptovirus infiltration methods and possible ways to avoid such infection

Cyber intruders all use deceptive techniques that help to trick people into installing the malicious script.

Unfortunately, the more dangerous threats use silent methods that allow them to get on the machine and affect the system silently. Blackmail-based malware like this mainly relies on spam email campaigns that use names of common and popular companies, services to hide their own products, and malicious purposes of email notifications.

When the email is received and opened, it shows either a hyperlink and deceptive message or includes the common type of file attached. In most cases, such documents have malicious macros embedded on the file or hyperlinks trigger the download of a payload dropper automatically.

The best way to rely on is being suspicious. Anything that raises questions should be considered potentially dangerous and inspected further. Look out for grammar mistakes or typos on such emails or simply delete any message that you didn't expect to get. Clean the email box more often to avoid anything dangerous landing on the system.

The IMI ransomware note

a ransom note left in folders

all your data has been locked us

You want to return?

write email imdecrypt@aol.com or imdecrypt@aol.com

How to remove IMI ransomware

Tools you'll need

All of these are free except where noted. Download them on a clean device if the infected PC is offline.

  • A USB stick: to keep the ransom note, two or three encrypted files and screenshots off the infected PC.
  • Microsoft Defender Offline: built into Windows 11 and Windows 10; scans before Windows starts, so running malware cannot hide.
  • Microsoft Safety Scanner: a second, portable scanner with current signatures; each download works for 10 days.
  • ID Ransomware: identifies the family from the note and one encrypted file and says whether a decryptor exists.
  • No More Ransom: the free decryptors from police and security companies; check it again every few months.
  • Fortect (optional): scans Windows for malware and repairs the system files and settings it damaged. The free scan is in the box above.

How to remove IMI ransomware and get your files back

Work in this order.

Disconnecting comes first, removal comes before any restore, and nothing here asks you to contact the attackers.

  1. Step 1: Disconnect the PC and unplug backup drives

    IMI ransomware encrypts everything it can reach, including drives and shares you connect later. Cut the network first: cable out, or Wi-Fi off from the taskbar.

    Then unplug every USB stick and backup disk and pause cloud sync, so the encrypted versions do not replace your online copies. Do not reconnect any of them until the ransomware is removed from the Windows 11 or Windows 10 PC.

    Windows 11 quick settings with Wi-Fi turned off
    Windows 11: turn off Wi-Fi to take the PC offline.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  2. Step 2: Save the ransom note and confirm the family

    Copy Info.hta and one or two files ending in .imi to a USB stick, and leave the originals where they are.

    From another device, upload the note and a sample file to ID Ransomware or No More Ransom's Crypto Sheriff, which name the family from the note, the extension and the file structure.

    Write down the contact address and your personal ID from the note, because a decryptor or the police may ask for them.

    Warning: Never contact the attackers from the infected Windows 11 or Windows 10 PC.

    A ransom note text file next to encrypted files in File Explorer
    Windows 11: the ransom note and encrypted files to copy for identification.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  3. Step 3: Check for a free decryptor

    For IMI ransomware, no free decryptor is known (checked 6 October 2026). Search the family name in the No More Ransom decryption tools list and in the free decryptors of Emsisoft, Avast and Kaspersky, because new tools appear years after an attack.

    Important: Keep the encrypted files even if nothing works today, and do not pay before every free option is ruled out: payment does not guarantee a working key.

    Decryptors run on Windows 11 and Windows 10, but only after the ransomware itself is removed.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  4. Step 4: Remove the ransomware before you restore or decrypt

    Restoring or decrypting files while IMI ransomware still runs lets it encrypt them again. Run a Full scan in Windows Security > Virus & threat protection > Scan options, then the Microsoft Defender Antivirus (offline scan).

    If the ransomware blocks Windows Security, start Safe Mode with Networking and scan from there. Some families install a password stealer as well, so let both scans finish on Windows 11 or Windows 10.

    Windows Security Scan options with Microsoft Defender Antivirus offline scan selected
    Windows 11: Windows Security > Virus & threat protection > Scan options.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Run a Microsoft Defender Offline scan

  5. Step 5: Look for shadow copies of the files

    Open Command Prompt as administrator and run vssadmin list shadows. If it lists copies dated before the attack, right-click a folder with encrypted files in File Explorer, choose Properties > Previous Versions, and open or restore a version from before that date.

    ShadowExplorer, a free tool, shows the same copies when the tab is empty or hidden. Most current families delete shadow copies, so an empty list is normal, but the check takes two minutes on Windows 11 or Windows 10.

    Command Prompt running vssadmin list shadows
    Windows 11: vssadmin list shadows shows whether shadow copies exist.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  6. Step 6: Restore the files from a backup or recover deleted originals

    Restore from an external backup, File History or OneDrive's version history, choosing a date before the attack. Connect the backup drive only after the scans are clean, or the ransomware encrypts it too.

    If there is no backup, file recovery software can sometimes find the deleted originals, because some ransomware writes an encrypted copy and deletes the original file.

    Stop writing to the drive and try recovery on Windows 11 or Windows 10 before new files overwrite the space.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Recover deleted files (Recycle Bin, backups, OneDrive) On uGetFix

Instructions for each browser and system

The detailed steps for every browser and system this guide covers. Open the one you use.

Manual removal using Safe Mode

Important! →
Manual removal guide might be too complicated for regular computer users. It requires advanced IT knowledge to be performed correctly (if vital system files are removed or damaged, it might result in full Windows compromise), and it also might take hours to complete. Therefore, we highly advise using the automatic method provided above instead.

Step 1. Access Safe Mode with Networking

Manual malware removal should be best performed in the Safe Mode environment.

Windows 7 / Vista / XP

  1. Click Start > Shutdown > Restart > OK.
  2. When your computer becomes active, start pressing F8 button (if that does not work, try F2, F12, Del, etc. - it all depends on your motherboard model) multiple times until you see the Advanced Boot Options window.
  3. Select Safe Mode with Networking from the list.Windows 7/XP

Windows 10 / Windows 8

  1. Right-click on Start button and select Settings.
    Settings
  2. Scroll down to pick Update & Security.
    Update and security
  3. On the left side of the window, pick Recovery.
  4. Now scroll down to find Advanced Startup section.
  5. Click Restart now.
    Reboot
  6. Select Troubleshoot.Choose an option
  7. Go to Advanced options.Advanced options
  8. Select Startup Settings.Startup settings
  9. Press Restart.
  10. Now press 5 or click 5) Enable Safe Mode with Networking.Enable safe mode

Step 2. Shut down suspicious processes

Windows Task Manager is a useful tool that shows all the processes running in the background. If malware is running a process, you need to shut it down:

  1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc on your keyboard to open Windows Task Manager.
  2. Click on More details.
    Open task manager
  3. Scroll down to Background processes section, and look for anything suspicious.
  4. Right-click and select Open file location.
    Open file location
  5. Go back to the process, right-click and pick End Task.
    End task
  6. Delete the contents of the malicious folder.

Step 3. Check program Startup

  1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc on your keyboard to open Windows Task Manager.
  2. Go to Startup tab.
  3. Right-click on the suspicious program and pick Disable.
    Startup

Step 4. Delete virus files

Malware-related files can be found in various places within your computer. Here are instructions that could help you find them:

  1. Type in Disk Cleanup in Windows search and press Enter.
    Disk cleanup
  2. Select the drive you want to clean (C: is your main drive by default and is likely to be the one that has malicious files in).
  3. Scroll through the Files to delete list and select the following: Temporary Internet Files
    Downloads
    Recycle Bin
    Temporary files
  4. Pick Clean up system files.
    Delete temp files
  5. You can also look for other malicious files hidden in the following folders (type these entries in Windows Search and press Enter): %AppData%
    %LocalAppData%
    %ProgramData%
    %WinDir%

After you are finished, reboot the PC in normal mode.

From our report of Jan 2020 · not reviewed since

Ensure that IMI ransomware virus is terminated before any files recovery

You need to note that the IMI ransomware virus is the malicious program capable of damaging the machine significantly and quickly.

This is a powerful virus that can achieve anything in a short time, even though the virus tends to delete itself from the system after the encryption.

IMI ransomware removal is crucial for the state of the device even though the core files are no longer in the machine. Any data associated with this intruder can trigger additional encryption processes or damage functions, third-party applications. Eliminate the ransomware as soon as you notice encrypted files.

When the victim reacts as soon as possible, it is easier to remove IMI ransomware because not much gets changed besides those encrypted files. You can download or and run the full scan on the machine to terminate malicious processes completely. Then files can get recovered on the safe and malware-free computer.

[GI=method-1]Go through your system and remove IMI ransomware by rebooting the machine in Safe Mode with Networking

[GI=method-2]System Restore feature can help with malware and virus damage when you repair the machine in a previous state

You can recover files encrypted by IMI ransomware virus or data that got accidentally deleted

Windows Previous Versions is the feature designed to recover files

When System Restore is enabled, you can use Windows Previous Versions and get your files repaired

ShadowExplorer is the feature making files accessible again

Shadow Volume Copies need to be untouched for this method to work properly, so make sure that IMI ransomware is not affecting those before you rely on ShadowExplorer

Decryption tool for IMI is not developed yet

IMI ransomware encoded files cannot be decrypted, but you should wait for the proper decryption software release or search for Dharma decryptor

Report it and recover your files

Report it

Report the attack even if you do not expect the files back: insurers and banks ask for the report number, and police use the contacts in the note to link cases.

United States
FBI IC3 · FTC ReportFraud

Give the victim ID, the note and the date the files were encrypted. A business that holds personal data may also have to notify its data protection authority, in the EU within 72 hours.

Protect the files you restore

Restore only after the scans are clean and the PC no longer shows files that end in .imi and no longer open; otherwise the restored copies can be damaged again.

Then build a backup that survives the next infection:

  • one copy in the cloud with version history
  • one on an external drive that is disconnected between backups
  • the working copy on the PC

Version history matters because a backup that syncs damaged files overwrites the good ones.

How to do this with the tools built into Windows: the 3-2-1 backup rule on Windows.

Protect your privacy - employ a VPN

There are several ways how to make your online time more private - you can access an incognito tab.

However, there is no secret that even in this mode, you are tracked for advertising purposes. There is a way to add an extra layer of protection and create a completely anonymous web browsing practice with the help of VPN. This software reroutes traffic through different servers, thus leaving your IP address and geolocation in disguise.

Besides, it is based on a strict no-log policy, meaning that no data will be recorded, leaked, and available for both first and third parties. The combination of a secure web browser and VPN will let you browse the Internet without a feeling of being spied or targeted by criminals.

No backups? No problem. Use a data recovery tool

If you wonder how data loss can occur, you should not look any further for answers - human errors, malware attacks, hardware failures, power cuts, natural disasters, or even simple negligence.

In some cases, lost files are extremely important, and many straight out panic when such an unfortunate course of events happen. Due to this, you should always ensure that you prepare proper data backups on a regular basis.

If you were caught by surprise and did not have any backups to restore your files from, not everything is lost. is one of the leading file recovery solutions you can find on the market - it is likely to restore even lost emails or data located on an external device.

Questions about IMI ransomware

How do I open .imi files?

You cannot open them by renaming or with another program, because the content of files ending in .imi has been encrypted. The only ways back are a working decryptor for the family, or clean copies from elsewhere:

  • OneDrive versions
  • File History
  • an offline backup drive
  • Previous Versions if the ransomware did not delete them

Identify the family first by uploading the ransom note and one encrypted file to ID Ransomware or No More Ransom. Avoid websites and programs that promise to open any encrypted file; they do not work and some are scams.

Did IMI ransomware steal my files or passwords?

We do not know yet. Nothing published so far shows data theft by IMI ransomware, but the only confirmed sign is files that end in .imi and no longer open, which says nothing about what happened before. Many current ransomware attacks copy files or run a password stealer first, so it is wise to act as if they did.

From a clean device, change the passwords that were saved in the browsers on this PC, starting with e-mail and banking, sign out of all sessions and turn on two-step verification. Watch bank statements and account activity for the next few weeks.

Is there a free IMI ransomware decryptor?

We last checked on 6 October 2026, and for IMI ransomware no free decryptor is known. We check No More Ransom, which collects free tools from police and security companies, and the decryptor pages of the major antivirus vendors. A working decryptor exists only when the encryption has a flaw or the keys were leaked or seized.

Ignore sites and videos that offer a "IMI ransomware decryptor" for download or for a fee: these are usually scams or malware. Real decryptors are free and come from known security companies or law enforcement. Keep the encrypted files in case a tool appears later.

Should I pay the ransom?

We advise against it, and so do the FBI, Europol and national cyber agencies. Payment does not guarantee a working tool: some attackers never reply, some tools damage files, and some variants have no decryptor at all. Paying also funds further attacks and can make you a target again.

Before considering payment, try every recovery option in this guide and report the attack. Companies must involve their legal adviser and insurer, because payments to sanctioned groups can be illegal. If files are truly irreplaceable, store the encrypted copies and wait; decryptors sometimes appear later.

Can a data-recovery company decrypt my files for a fee?

Only if a decryptor already exists or the company pays the attackers for you. Some "ransomware recovery" services advertise that they can decrypt families with no known flaw; in practice they negotiate with the attackers and add their own fee. Others use the same free tools listed on No More Ransom.

Before you hire anyone, ask in writing how they will recover the files, whether they will contact the attackers and what happens if they fail. A legitimate service answers clearly. If a free decryptor exists for your family, you can run it yourself.

How did IMI ransomware get on my computer?

The way IMI ransomware spreads has not been documented yet, so look at your own recent activity. On home PCs, ransomware most often comes with cracked programs, game cheats, key generators and fake updates, or with an e-mail attachment that was opened. On business networks, attackers usually log in through Remote Desktop with a stolen or guessed password.

Think back to what was downloaded or installed in the days before files that end in .imi and no longer open, and check the Downloads folder and Installed apps sorted by date. Keep anything suspicious for your report, but do not run it again.

Is IMI ransomware the same as other ransomware with a similar name?

Not necessarily. Ransomware names come from the file extension, the note or a word in the code, so unrelated families often end up with similar names, and one family can appear under several names. The difference matters: a decryptor or advice for one family does not fit another and can damage files.

Compare the ending added to your files and the exact name of the note with the summary table at the top of this guide, then upload the note and one encrypted file to ID Ransomware from a clean device. If the result names another family, follow the guide for that family instead.

What does Info.hta tell me about the ransomware?

Quite a lot. The file name Info.hta, the wording, the contact addresses and the format of the personal ID are typical for each family. Uploading the note together with one encrypted file to ID Ransomware or No More Ransom's Crypto Sheriff usually names the family within seconds.

That name decides your options: some families have free decryptors, some can be partially recovered, and some cannot be decrypted at all. The note's claims about stolen data should be taken seriously but not at face value.

Will .imi spread to my other drives?

It can. Ransomware encrypts every drive and network share it can reach while it runs, so external disks, USB sticks and shared folders connected during the attack may also have files ending in .imi. Disconnect everything now, then check each device from a clean computer.

Do not plug a backup drive into the infected PC until the ransomware has been removed with an offline scan. Cloud folders such as OneDrive sync the encrypted versions, but they keep earlier versions you can usually restore.

Will Fortect remove IMI ransomware?

Fortect scans Windows for malware and unwanted programs and repairs the system files and settings they change, and its free scan shows what it finds on your PC before you decide anything.

For IMI ransomware, follow the plan above as well: the browser steps take back permissions and settings that no scanner treats as a threat, and uninstalling the program that brought it removes the source.

Run Microsoft Defender's full scan and, if anything was found, its offline scan as a second opinion. If the symptoms are gone after the plan and both scans are clean, there is nothing more to do.

Sources

  1. Twitter: IMI ransomware report (read October 6, 2026)
  2. Wikipedia: Macro virus (read October 6, 2026)
  3. ZDNet: Ransomware attacks: Why and when it makes sense to pay the ransom (read October 6, 2026)
  4. Semvirus: Semvirus (read October 6, 2026)
  5. CISA: StopRansomware (read October 6, 2026)

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