Eight ransomware: what it is and how to remove it

Eight ransomware is the cryptovirus that uses a pattern of file marker with victims' ID and .eight appendix. The .id .[ICQ@HONESTHORSE].eight appears at the end of every encrypted file and indicates files that get affected and no longer can be opened or used as supposed to.

Facts checked October 6, 2026. Removal steps tested on Windows 11 (26H2) and checked against Microsoft's and the browser makers' current documentation. Sections marked as our earlier report are the original text: they describe the threat as it was then and have not been reviewed since. The 2026 status, the removal steps and the questions are current.

Automatic

Get a free scan and check if your PC is infected.

Fortect finds malware, unwanted programs and the Windows damage they leave behind, and repairs it in one pass.

A free scan checks for the encryptor still on the PC; it does not decrypt .eight files.

Remove it nowTo use the full-featured product, you have to purchase a license for Fortect. The scan is free.

Do it yourself · free Remove Eight ransomware yourself 6 steps, about 18 minutes, no software needed.

Start the steps
Screenshot of Eight ransomware: virus
Eight ransomware as our 2020 report showed it.

Eight ransomware: summary

DistributionFiles added as spam email attachments can trigger the drop of the malicious payload, so your device gets infected quickly and unnoticeably. Also, pirated files, software cracks, game cheats, and other files can make the system infected with malware that drops cryptovirus or the ransomware directly
NameEight ransomware
TypeCryptovirus[1]
File extensionThe pattern that is used to form file appendix – .id[XXXXXXXX-2797].[ICQ@HONESTHORSE].eight. This full-extension gets added at the end of the original name and filetype-marking extension
Ransom noteinfo.txt or info.hta are the files that appear added on the desktop and placed in various folders with encrypted data once that process is done
Contact emailsuse_harrd@protonmail.com, useHHard@cock.li, ICQ@HONESTHORSE
Removal

Scan the PC with security software to find and remove the malware and anything installed with it. Fortect scans Windows for malware and repairs the system files and settings it damaged.

Remove it nowTo use the full-featured product, you have to purchase a license for Fortect. The scan is free.
Show 11 more facts
Detection namesNo Microsoft detection name is known
Encrypted file extension.eight
DecryptorNo free decryptor is known for this variant; check No More Ransom (nomoreransom.org) for updates
DamageNot recorded in the old report
SymptomsFiles renamed with a new extension and a ransom note left in folders
Evidence5 write-ups by security sites; no sample analysed yet
Encrypted files.eight
Attacker contactsbackup.iso@aol.com
Free decryptorNo free decryptor is known (checked 6 October 2026)
First seen1 June 2020
Facts checked6 October 2026
  • File extension: .eight
  • Note file: info.txt
  • Contact: backup.iso@aol.com

From our report of Jun 2020 · not reviewed since

More from our earlier report on Eight ransomware

  • Eight ransomware removal requires attention to details and professional anti-malware tools
  • You need to repair the files and functions of the computer too after the malware cleaning procedures.
  • You can achieve that with system optimization tools like

How Eight ransomware behaves

From our report of Jun 2020 · not reviewed since

Eight ransomware is the threat that marks files using the contact email in the pattern

Eight ransomware is the cryptovirus that uses a pattern of file marker with victims' ID and .eight appendix.

The .id .[ICQ@HONESTHORSE].eight appears at the end of every encrypted file and indicates files that get affected and no longer can be opened or used as supposed to. Also, after the encryption malware automatically ads the ransom note file in the form of info.txt or the program window with the same name, on the machine, so the victim can read and follow the steps needed for the alleged file recovery.

However, this variant of Phobos ransomware claims that paying the ransom is the only solution, and you need to contact them yourself to get additional information. Unfortunately, paying is not the best option, and you shouldn't consider that as a solution since cybercriminals focus on getting your money instead of worrying about the data and your other belongings.

Since Eight ransomware virus is not the new one and belongs to the family of well-known ransomware, you shouldn't trust these malware creators and avoid any contact. Developers of malware tend to attack many devices and aim to get as much money as possible. The amount of ransom, in most cases, is determined for the particular user because criminals base this number on the value of their files.

The amount can go up to hundreds or thousands of dollars in the form of cryptocurrency, so try to ignore any messages from the malware creators and remove the virus as soon as possible, so you can recover files and get back to the normal experience with your device.

This virus resembles the Dharma virus family, so the copy of these functions or even the mimicking of the code can make it even more malicious.

Eight ransomware functions as the encryption-based malware because it starts the infection with file-locking procedure that provides the particular option of encoding documents, images, video files, audio or different types of data, so your time on the machine becomes even more difficult when some certain data is damaged and other system functions disabled or differently affected.

Even though Eight ransomware is focused on getting money from people the malware works as scareware because it delivers the following message to make people eager to get their files back, so they decide to pay up. The text file provides this message:

The message may seem convincing since Eight ransomware and other versions like Dewar or Eking offers the test decryption for you. This is the trick that ransomware creators use to fake the trust with victims and claim that there are options for the encoded data. However, no experts in this field can claim that paying ransomware is a good idea.

Eight ransomware removal process should be the focus when you encounter the message demanding the payment, find these encrypted files. The sooner the better because of the additional damage that can easily get caused by the threat. especially, when various parts of the system become accessible once the payload is triggered on the computer.

When malware like this can enter the machine and trigger all the processes besides the primary Eight ransomware encryption, you can experience crashes, freezes and other issues with the device since system functions get disabled, files damaged or deleted and cryptovirus can install or add programs, files to control all the needed features and system functions like security or file recovery options.

Threat tries to enable or disable as many helpful features as possible,so the victim is left with the only solution - to pay. Eight ransomware currently is not decryptable, so there are not many options left.

Free decryption software gets developed when researchers obtain IDs of victims and break the coding of encryption used. There are not many decryption tools developed by third parties because this is a difficult process. You should be worried about your files and focus on repairing them. That is understandable.

However, you should remove Eight ransomware first before any file repairing. There are many parts on the system that virus can damage and affect, so you should react ASAP and get rid of the infection.

Then, file repairing can take place, and your machine becomes usable again. It is not the easiest procedure this file recovery, but we have a feel additional tips below the article for functions of the device and thrid-party software.

Those useful features that Windows OS devices have and can offer for the recovery after Eight ransomware virus infection can be disabled and damaged when the threat runs in the system for a longer period.

So you should think about PC repair first, so once the machine is fully working file recovery can be easier. is one of the tools that can serve as a repair and virus damage elimination application.

You may save some files related to the infection and expect to get the tool for Eight ransomware decryption in the future. If you do not plan on paying or recovering the system, store encrypted files, other data related to this infection on the separate drive, and wait for the options in the future.

Eight ransomware has infected may people, so there are a few samples that got alazyesd, and those samples show that there are many different patterns of the email that gets included besides the victims' ID. But the unique .eight at the end comes every time, hence the name of the virus.

Remember to get rid of the malicious Eight ransomware using proper anti-malware tools because these are the applications designed to find and delete malware like this that can possibly damage your machine permanently and lead to loss of files or money. Remember that choosing the tool is important, but all the results that occur on the screen after the full system scanning differ based on particular databases:

  • Trojan.Ransom.Phobos;
  • Trojan.Win32.Generic.4!c;
  • Ransom.Phobos.S11618290;
  • Gen:Variant.Ransom.Phobos.62 (B);
  • TR/Crypt.XPACK.Gen.
Screenshot of Eight ransomware: virus
Eight ransomware in our 2020 report.
Eight ransomware: eight cryptovirus
Eight ransomware in our 2020 report.

From our report of Jun 2020 · not reviewed since

Rely on professional tools for Eight ransomware termination

Since Eight ransomware virus is not decryptable officially, you shouldn't focus on the file recovery first.

When there is a proper tool for virus decryption, you can freely rely on such an option and get rid of the infection before you go for file restoring features. There is no safe way that could help with files before virus elimination.

It is especially important to remove Eight ransomware before you add your file backups on the system, so the machine is fully recovered and functions as it supposed to. Once that is done, you can freely put safe file copies on the computer and use them for the needed operations. However, the process of threat deletion involves power tools.

You can perform the Eight ransomware removal once you get the proper anti-malware tool and run the full system scan on the affected computer. Security tools like or can check many hidden parts of the system where malicious files get injected.

Once the list of infections appears on your screen, you can enable the full removal and clean off these virus files. Remember to repair PC functions before going for data recovery with something like .

[GI=method-1]Reboot the machine in Safe Mode with Networking and remove Eight ransomware using the AV tool

[GI=method-2]System Restore can be used for the virus elimination because this function allows the user to recover machine in a previous state while the malware was not active

Files encoded by Eight ransomware or accidentally deleted by the user can get recovered with proper tools and programs

Windows Previous Versions feature helps with data encoded by the Eight ransomware virus

When you enable System Restore feature, you can rely on Windows Previous Versions that helps with modified files

ShadowExplorer - a method for file restoring purposes

When ransomware is not affecting Shadow Volume Copies, you can rely on the ShadowExplorer method and repair affected data

Decryption tool for Eight ransomware is not developed yet

From our report of Jun 2020 · not reviewed since

Main methods of ransomware spreading involve malicious files

Cybercriminals can easily send spam emails for the users that get their data accessed or breached in different security incidents, so you may not even notice what happened before those encrypted files appear on the system. Unfortunately, this infection can get triggered quickly and easily by other stealthy threats like trojans or malware, worms.

These emails that people receive unexpectedly can claim about shipment notifications, invoices, order information, and other details that involve MS documents or links to shady sites. Unfortunately, common types of files and statements about order details and other information trick people into downloading and opening these attachments or visiting provided links.

Once that is done, malicious macros or scripts injected on the content provided on the site can trigger the direct drop of the malware payload. This infiltration happens without any permission requirements and direct indications of the attack, so your machine may get affected by a few threats during one virus infection. Avoid any interaction with unknown links, sites, and email senders, so you can keep the system virus-free.

The Eight ransomware note

a ransom note left in folders

ATTENTION! ALL YOUR DATA ARE PROTECTED WITH RSA-1024 ALGORITHM

Your security system was vulnerable, so all of your files are encrypted.

If you want to restore them, contact us by email: backup.iso@aol.com

In case of no answer in 24 hours write to our Telegram profile: @iso_recovery

BE CAREFUL AND DO NOT DAMAGE YOUR DATA:

Do not rename encrypted files.

Do not try to decrypt your data using third party software, it may cause permanent data loss.

Do not trust anyone! Only we have keys to your files! Without this keys restore your data is impossible

WE GUARANTEE A FREE DECODE AS A PROOF OF OUR POSSIBILITIES:

You can send us 2 files for free decryption.

Size of file must be less than 1 Mb (non archived). We don`t decrypt for test DATABASE, XLS and other important files.

DO NOT ATTEMPT TO DECODE YOUR DATA YOURSELF, YOU ONLY DAMAGE THEM AND THEN YOU LOSE THEM FOREVER

AFTER DECRYPTION YOUR SYSTEM WILL RETURN TO A FULLY NORMALLY AND OPERATIONAL CONDITION!

How to remove Eight ransomware

Tools you'll need

All of these are free except where noted. Download them on a clean device if the infected PC is offline.

  • A USB stick: to keep the ransom note, two or three encrypted files and screenshots off the infected PC.
  • Microsoft Defender Offline: built into Windows 11 and Windows 10; scans before Windows starts, so running malware cannot hide.
  • Microsoft Safety Scanner: a second, portable scanner with current signatures; each download works for 10 days.
  • ID Ransomware: identifies the family from the note and one encrypted file and says whether a decryptor exists.
  • No More Ransom: the free decryptors from police and security companies; check it again every few months.
  • Fortect (optional): scans Windows for malware and repairs the system files and settings it damaged. The free scan is in the box above.

How to remove Eight ransomware and get your files back

Work in this order.

Disconnecting comes first, removal comes before any restore, and nothing here asks you to contact the attackers.

  1. Step 1: Disconnect the PC and unplug backup drives

    Eight ransomware encrypts everything it can reach, including drives and shares you connect later. Cut the network first: cable out, or Wi-Fi off from the taskbar.

    Then unplug every USB stick and backup disk and pause cloud sync, so the encrypted versions do not replace your online copies. Do not reconnect any of them until the ransomware is removed from the Windows 11 or Windows 10 PC.

    Windows 11 quick settings with Wi-Fi turned off
    Windows 11: turn off Wi-Fi to take the PC offline.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  2. Step 2: Save the ransom note and confirm the family

    Copy info.txt and one or two files ending in .eight to a USB stick, and leave the originals where they are.

    From another device, upload the note and a sample file to ID Ransomware or No More Ransom's Crypto Sheriff, which name the family from the note, the extension and the file structure.

    Write down the contact address and your personal ID from the note, because a decryptor or the police may ask for them.

    Warning: Never contact the attackers from the infected Windows 11 or Windows 10 PC.

    A ransom note text file next to encrypted files in File Explorer
    Windows 11: the ransom note and encrypted files to copy for identification.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  3. Step 3: Check for a free decryptor

    For Eight ransomware, no free decryptor is known (checked 6 October 2026). Search the family name in the No More Ransom decryption tools list and in the free decryptors of Emsisoft, Avast and Kaspersky, because new tools appear years after an attack.

    Important: Keep the encrypted files even if nothing works today, and do not pay before every free option is ruled out: payment does not guarantee a working key.

    Decryptors run on Windows 11 and Windows 10, but only after the ransomware itself is removed.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  4. Step 4: Remove the ransomware before you restore or decrypt

    Restoring or decrypting files while Eight ransomware still runs lets it encrypt them again. Run a Full scan in Windows Security > Virus & threat protection > Scan options, then the Microsoft Defender Antivirus (offline scan).

    If the ransomware blocks Windows Security, start Safe Mode with Networking and scan from there. Some families install a password stealer as well, so let both scans finish on Windows 11 or Windows 10.

    Windows Security Scan options with Microsoft Defender Antivirus offline scan selected
    Windows 11: Windows Security > Virus & threat protection > Scan options.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Run a Microsoft Defender Offline scan

  5. Step 5: Look for shadow copies of the files

    Open Command Prompt as administrator and run vssadmin list shadows. If it lists copies dated before the attack, right-click a folder with encrypted files in File Explorer, choose Properties > Previous Versions, and open or restore a version from before that date.

    ShadowExplorer, a free tool, shows the same copies when the tab is empty or hidden. Most current families delete shadow copies, so an empty list is normal, but the check takes two minutes on Windows 11 or Windows 10.

    Command Prompt running vssadmin list shadows
    Windows 11: vssadmin list shadows shows whether shadow copies exist.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Ransomware: first steps, finding a decryptor and recovering files

  6. Step 6: Restore the files from a backup or recover deleted originals

    Restore from an external backup, File History or OneDrive's version history, choosing a date before the attack. Connect the backup drive only after the scans are clean, or the ransomware encrypts it too.

    If there is no backup, file recovery software can sometimes find the deleted originals, because some ransomware writes an encrypted copy and deletes the original file.

    Stop writing to the drive and try recovery on Windows 11 or Windows 10 before new files overwrite the space.

    Full procedure with screenshots: Recover deleted files (Recycle Bin, backups, OneDrive) On uGetFix

Instructions for each browser and system

The detailed steps for every browser and system this guide covers. Open the one you use.

Manual removal using Safe Mode

Important! →
Manual removal guide might be too complicated for regular computer users. It requires advanced IT knowledge to be performed correctly (if vital system files are removed or damaged, it might result in full Windows compromise), and it also might take hours to complete. Therefore, we highly advise using the automatic method provided above instead.

Step 1. Access Safe Mode with Networking

Manual malware removal should be best performed in the Safe Mode environment.

Windows 7 / Vista / XP

  1. Click Start > Shutdown > Restart > OK.
  2. When your computer becomes active, start pressing F8 button (if that does not work, try F2, F12, Del, etc. - it all depends on your motherboard model) multiple times until you see the Advanced Boot Options window.
  3. Select Safe Mode with Networking from the list.Windows 7/XP

Windows 10 / Windows 8

  1. Right-click on Start button and select Settings.
    Settings
  2. Scroll down to pick Update & Security.
    Update and security
  3. On the left side of the window, pick Recovery.
  4. Now scroll down to find Advanced Startup section.
  5. Click Restart now.
    Reboot
  6. Select Troubleshoot.Choose an option
  7. Go to Advanced options.Advanced options
  8. Select Startup Settings.Startup settings
  9. Press Restart.
  10. Now press 5 or click 5) Enable Safe Mode with Networking.Enable safe mode

Step 2. Shut down suspicious processes

Windows Task Manager is a useful tool that shows all the processes running in the background. If malware is running a process, you need to shut it down:

  1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc on your keyboard to open Windows Task Manager.
  2. Click on More details.
    Open task manager
  3. Scroll down to Background processes section, and look for anything suspicious.
  4. Right-click and select Open file location.
    Open file location
  5. Go back to the process, right-click and pick End Task.
    End task
  6. Delete the contents of the malicious folder.

Step 3. Check program Startup

  1. Press Ctrl + Shift + Esc on your keyboard to open Windows Task Manager.
  2. Go to Startup tab.
  3. Right-click on the suspicious program and pick Disable.
    Startup

Step 4. Delete virus files

Malware-related files can be found in various places within your computer. Here are instructions that could help you find them:

  1. Type in Disk Cleanup in Windows search and press Enter.
    Disk cleanup
  2. Select the drive you want to clean (C: is your main drive by default and is likely to be the one that has malicious files in).
  3. Scroll through the Files to delete list and select the following: Temporary Internet Files
    Downloads
    Recycle Bin
    Temporary files
  4. Pick Clean up system files.
    Delete temp files
  5. You can also look for other malicious files hidden in the following folders (type these entries in Windows Search and press Enter): %AppData%
    %LocalAppData%
    %ProgramData%
    %WinDir%

After you are finished, reboot the PC in normal mode.

Report it and recover your files

Report it

Report the attack even if you do not expect the files back: insurers and banks ask for the report number, and police use the contacts in the note to link cases.

United States
FBI IC3 · FTC ReportFraud

Give the victim ID, the note and the date the files were encrypted. A business that holds personal data may also have to notify its data protection authority, in the EU within 72 hours.

Make the next attack harmless

Eight ransomware could only hurt the files that had no second copy, and the signs (files that end in .eight and no longer open) showed exactly which ones those were.

The 3-2-1 rule fixes that:

  • three copies
  • two media
  • one disconnected

A practical version for a home PC: OneDrive or another cloud backup with version history, plus an external disk that you plug in once a week for File History and then unplug. Test a restore now and then by opening a few files from the backup on another device.

Details, schedules and what not to back up are in our 3-2-1 backup guide for Windows.

Choose a proper web browser and improve your safety with a VPN tool

Online spying has got momentum in recent years and people are getting more and more interested in how to protect their privacy online.

One of the basic means to add a layer of security - choose the most private and secure web browser. Although web browsers can't grant full privacy protection and security, some of them are much better at sandboxing, HTTPS upgrading, active content blocking, tracking blocking, phishing protection, and similar privacy-oriented features.

However, if you want true anonymity, we suggest you employ a powerful VPN - it can encrypt all the traffic that comes and goes out of your computer, preventing tracking completely.

Lost your files? Use data recovery software

While some files located on any computer are replaceable or useless, others can be extremely valuable.

Family photos, work documents, school projects - these are types of files that we don't want to lose. Unfortunately, there are many ways how unexpected data loss can occur:

  • power cuts
  • Blue Screen of Death errors
  • hardware failures
  • crypto-malware attack
  • even accidental deletion

To ensure that all the files remain intact, you should prepare regular data backups. You can choose cloud-based or physical copies you could restore from later in case of a disaster. If your backups were lost as well or you never bothered to prepare any, can be your only hope to retrieve your invaluable files.

Questions about Eight ransomware

Is there a decryptor for .eight files?

That depends on the family behind the .eight extension, which this guide cannot confirm yet from the reports alone. Check No More Ransom and ID Ransomware with your ransom note and one encrypted file; they list families with free tools.

If none exists today, keep the encrypted files and a copy of the note on a separate drive, because decryptors are sometimes published months later after flaws are found or servers are seized. Never buy a decryptor from a website that is not the security company that made it.

Should I pay the ransom in info.txt?

Not before you have tried everything else. Identify the family from info.txt and one encrypted file, check No More Ransom for a free decryptor, and look for clean copies in OneDrive, backups and Previous Versions.

Paying funds further attacks, may be illegal if the group is sanctioned, and is no promise of a working key: many victims get partial or broken decryption. If you consider paying for business-critical data, involve the police and a professional incident responder first, and never pay through intermediaries who promise their own decryption.

How do I open .eight files?

You cannot open them by renaming or by choosing another program. The .eight ending shows that Eight ransomware encrypted the content, and only the matching key can reverse it. Renaming a file back to .docx or .jpg changes nothing except the icon, and it can confuse a future decryptor, so leave the names as they are.

To get the content back, use a backup, an unencrypted copy elsewhere, or a decryptor listed on No More Ransom if one exists for Eight ransomware. Store the encrypted files on an external disk until then.

Can a data-recovery company decrypt my files for a fee?

Only if a decryptor already exists or the company pays the attackers for you. Some "ransomware recovery" services advertise that they can decrypt families with no known flaw; in practice they negotiate with the attackers and add their own fee. Others use the same free tools listed on No More Ransom.

Before you hire anyone, ask in writing how they will recover the files, whether they will contact the attackers and what happens if they fail. A legitimate service answers clearly. If a free decryptor exists for your family, you can run it yourself.

How did Eight ransomware get on my computer?

The way Eight ransomware spreads has not been documented yet, so look at your own recent activity. On home PCs, ransomware most often comes with cracked programs, game cheats, key generators and fake updates, or with an e-mail attachment that was opened. On business networks, attackers usually log in through Remote Desktop with a stolen or guessed password.

Think back to what was downloaded or installed in the days before files that end in .eight and no longer open, and check the Downloads folder and Installed apps sorted by date. Keep anything suspicious for your report, but do not run it again.

Did Eight ransomware steal my files or passwords?

We do not know yet. Nothing published so far shows data theft by Eight ransomware, but the only confirmed sign is files that end in .eight and no longer open, which says nothing about what happened before. Many current ransomware attacks copy files or run a password stealer first, so it is wise to act as if they did.

From a clean device, change the passwords that were saved in the browsers on this PC, starting with e-mail and banking, sign out of all sessions and turn on two-step verification. Watch bank statements and account activity for the next few weeks.

Is Eight ransomware the same as other ransomware with a similar name?

Not necessarily. Ransomware names come from the file extension, the note or a word in the code, so unrelated families often end up with similar names, and one family can appear under several names. The difference matters: a decryptor or advice for one family does not fit another and can damage files.

Compare the ending added to your files and the exact name of the note with the summary table at the top of this guide, then upload the note and one encrypted file to ID Ransomware from a clean device. If the result names another family, follow the guide for that family instead.

Should I open info.txt?

Reading it is fine if you open it in Notepad. A plain text info.txt cannot harm the PC. Be careful with notes in HTA or HTML format: double-clicking those runs them in a window that can contain scripts, so right-click and choose Open with > Notepad instead.

The note tells you the contact addresses, the claimed amount and the deadline. Do not visit links or write to the addresses from this PC. Use the note to identify the family and check for a free decryptor first.

Should I reinstall Windows after the .eight attack?

Reinstalling removes the ransomware but not the encryption: your files ending in .eight stay encrypted afterwards. So first copy the encrypted files and the ransom note to a separate drive, in case a decryptor appears later. Then decide:

  • a clean-up with an offline scan is often enough for home PCs
  • while a full reset is safer if remote access was involved
  • scans keep finding new items

Restore your backups only after the PC is clean, and change passwords from another device.

Will Fortect remove Eight ransomware?

Fortect scans Windows for malware and unwanted programs and repairs the system files and settings they change, and its free scan shows what it finds on your PC before you decide anything.

For Eight ransomware, follow the plan above as well: the browser steps take back permissions and settings that no scanner treats as a threat, and uninstalling the program that brought it removes the source.

Run Microsoft Defender's full scan and, if anything was found, its offline scan as a second opinion. If the symptoms are gone after the plan and both scans are clean, there is nothing more to do.

Sources

  1. Wikipedia: Cryptovirology (read October 6, 2026)
  2. Dieviren: DieViren (read October 6, 2026)
  3. VirusTotal: Malware sample analysis (read October 6, 2026)
  4. ZDNET: Joomla team discloses data breach (read October 6, 2026)
  5. CISA: StopRansomware (read October 6, 2026)

More removal guides

Questions and experiences: Eight ransomware

Still seeing it, or found something we did not cover? Ask here: members and our editors answer. Reading is open; writing needs a free account.

0 comments

…

5,611 members already hereReading, writing, commenting and voting. 0 verified · 336 joined this year